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The pivot arm has an attachment at the bottom that the pivot arm rotates from and an attachment at the top that then pushes upon the booster. Bending stresses in lever formula is used for determination of stresses in bell Basically there are three . 4) Lever crosssection : The lever crossection is assumed to be rectangular for calculation purpose. Hyxg;^.~H0Y}SW(;&3 4SR*bTK@ ) ~jD
FHv Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. Lever having effort point located between the fulcrum and load point is called Class III lever. The cross-section of the lever is obtained by considering the lever in bending. So we all assume its the stitch length. International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169 Lever is a simple machine which is used to lift heavy load with least effort. I find a formula F1L1 =F2L2 for a right angle bellcrank. Figure 29.2 shows levers of different classes. In addition to the lever cross section there is a boss which is also to be designed based on the torsional shear stress induced in it, also the shaft which is rotated by lever is also designed first on the basis of the torsional shear stress induced. The part of a lever where load is applied is called the load arm AL. The angle becomes smaller. lever with varying fillet radius, optimization of volume, Factor of safety of 2 to 3 on yield strength is generally used. School: ABES Engineering College. For those unfamiliar with the concept of a balance bar, they are mostly used in top levels of racing. Fulcrum - the point at which the lever rotates. Taking moments about the fulcrum (F) Studies and mechanical tries regarding the cutting process by punching of the baroquearchitecture-140202083520-phpapp01.pptx, An Introduction of Design Thinking Methodology.ppt, Market Research & Customer Needs for New Product Development, Features, Concept, Aesthetic look & Ergonomic concept of New Product, No public clipboards found for this slide, Enjoy access to millions of presentations, documents, ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more. Comparison between numerical, FEM and experimentally Examples ? The original Ford Broncos mounted the booster and master cylinder at an angle, pointing 45 degrees away from the firewall, making more room for the engine. The long handle is removed from the 'knuckle' before moving the linkages from the lid and raising the brick/block. Input force (also called the effort) - the force applied to the lever. ( for most sections it is half the depth of section). E) that allows control of linear motion in various . Bell Crank Lever.pdf Uploaded by: Toshang Sharma 0 December 2019 PDF Bookmark Embed Download This document was uploaded by user and they confirmed that they have the permission to share it. Figure 7 - 1st Principal Stress of Bell Crank Lever with Fillet Radius 8 mm. If youre struggling with your assignments like me, check out www.HelpWriting.net . It also works the opposite way round. Either of these remote mount balance bars provides the other significant benefit of a balance bar pedal; they allow fine-tuning of brake biasbetween two separate master cylinders, often in different bore sizes. Levers are generally forged or cast. Following are the examples which show their use in mechanical engineering. Bell crank lever is used to reduce a load by applying of a small effort. Do not sell or share my personal information. So finally i figured out a mathematical solution for crossed wires that even works with different radius of horn and bell crank. The Mechanical Leverage Calculator computes the force that a lever can lift, and the length of a lever needed to lift a force. {Assume B=3t or any other relation given in problem}. Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology The bearing 25 and 26 are mounted on side plates 17 and . student of Department of *** If the fulcrum or pivot is at an equal distance from the input and output then the movement of the output will be equal to the movement of the input. The amount of output force can be changed by moving the fixed pivot. Next, put the difference between the first measurement and the compressed measurement in the table above. Lever having load point located between the fulcrum and effort point is called Class II lever. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Report DMCA Overview A smaller bore master cylinder connected to the front caliperspaired with a larger bore for the rear provides much greater control of the front to rear brake bias. Akard of San Francisco, who patented a. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 29.1 Introduction Lever is a simple mechanical device, in the form of a straight or curved link or a rigid rod, pivoted about the fulcrum. Because you have mech advantage at the fingers ( levers) , the clutch fork and then the linkage , plus the way the linkage is designed , figuring how much pedal pressure is iffy at best IMO. What I have done in the past is to bolt my clutch, pressure plate and flywheel together while not bolted to the engine. Chandrapur, India 1 0 obj
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The bell crank is used to convert the direction of reciprocating movement. In picture 2, I'd weld a tab on the cross member tubing that sticks out over the bracket behind the pedal pivot. The hardest part is usually getting the tape up under the dashboard where the upper pivot of the brake pedal and pushrod mount. various components. For Arabic Users, find a teacher/tutor in your City or country in the Middle East. Chandrapur, India This shaft is supported on ball bearings 25 and 26. If you are author or own the copyright of this book, please report to us by using this DMCA report form. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. endobj
R.C.E.R.T. Click here to review the details. W 210 = P 70 A lever is designed using the bending equation, Where M= Bending moment { Either ) Whichever is larger, y = Distance of extreme fibre from neutral axis . II. Critical section of the lever (section of maximum bending moment) becomes weak due to hole made for pin. As the names suggest Hand lever is operated by hand and the foot lever by foot, the basic design procedure of both the levers remains the same with only difference that more froce is applied on the foot lever, so its crosssectional dimensions are naturally bigger than that of a hand lever. A lever includes a rigid structure that oscillates around a fixed point called the fulcrum. (b) The bearing stress in the bell crank may not exceed 100 MPa. The Unit Conversion page provides a solution for engineers, translators, and for anyone whose activities require working with quantities measured in different units. METHODOLOGY But if the load and effort are inclined to each other at an angle q, as shown in figure 29.3, reaction (R) at the fulcrum can be determined as: 29.3.2 Design of Lever Arms. 6) VIVA VOICE WITH SOLUTION - Read More. METHODOLOGY Volume: 2 Issue: 8 2423 2430 srzaveri53@rediffmail.com Rocker Arm for Exhaust Valve. analysis is done by using method of FEM. It is subjected to bending stress. The adjustment knob on the balance bar allows the bias to be further fine-tuned from the cockpit during the race to account for changing track conditions or lightened fuel load. The SlideShare family just got bigger. to maintain the working stresses within predetermined specific If the angle is 90 degrees, sine is 1.0 and the ratio is just A/B. EXAMPLE. 2, the handle 1 is mounted on shaft 19. The part of a lever where effort is applied is called the effort arm AE. III. Calculation of Ground Reaction The basic principle behind the design of hand and foot lever is that it shoulf withstand the force and should not fail in bending. Description If an 'L'-shaped lever is pivoted at its centre, the direction of the input movement or force would be turned through 90 at the output. A bell crank is a type of crank that changes motion . By varying the angle of the crank piece, it can be used to change the angle or movement from 1 degree to 180 degrees. So in the design condition: To find ' : OK. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. The fixed pivot anchor the linkages to one place. 4.5mm. Fillet Radius(mm) Max. Output force (also called the load) - the force applied by the lever to move the load. As the levers are subjected to tensile stress due to bending, cast iron is not recommended to be used as material for levers. ANALYTICAL ESTIMATION OF STRESSES If you have ever wondered why the booster and master cylinder are angled up slightly on some cars, with the front higher than the back, that was their solution. Report DMCA Overview distribution in order to predict the failure of component. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. We work hard to ensure that the results presented by TranslatorsCafe.com converters and calculators are correct. In a Are you sure that this is the correct figure ? 1800# x (1.5/11.5) x (1/3) x (2.5/5.5) = 36#. Video Tutorial. The lever is subjected to bending moment, Mechanical Engg Simple Notes ,Solved problems and Videos, 1)Diameter of shaft d {subjected to torque only}, 2) Diameter of shaft at centre of bearing d1 {Subjected to torque and Bending moment}, Step 3 : Design Of cross-section of lever ( B,t ), Machine Design I - Introduction to Design : Theory Q&A, Machine Design -I -Design of joints : Theory Q&A, Knuckle Joint : Design Procedure,Problems and Questions, Design of turnbuckle : Design steps, Problems and Question, Design of Levers : Hand Lever, Foot Lever, Bell crank lever, Design of Shafts: Theory and Numerical Problems, Couplings : Design Procedure and Numerical problems, Design Of SPRINGS : Questions and Numerical problems, Belt drives:Theory Q&A and Selection of Flat and V belts. This Demonstration shows the velocity, acceleration, and instantaneous center of rotation for a simple slider-crank mechanism with adjustable crank length and connecting rod to crank length ratio. Bell Crank Lever. INTRODUCTION 398368 Briggs & Stratton Crank-Bell OEM GENUINE. (from this I also got length AC which will be useful later.). ; Force acting on piston is pressure x area of piston . Free shipping. Without it, the brakes become touchy and over boosted with vacuum assistance. It does not have any general name . As discussed in the design of pin for knuckle joint, when the pin is loose in the eye, which is a desired condition here for relative motion, pin is subjected to bending moment. This traditional item enables the reaction force of a 90 bell crank to be measured by a spring balance when a load is applied at any of five leverage ratios. So I got these parameters: rh: radius horn rb: half the span of the bell crank (this is actually not radius) d: distance between hinge line and bell crank line o: bell crank offset How do I find brake pedal ratio as the 57 Buick has a belt crank on the pedal assembly not on the master cylinder how do I calculate it if I want to change it also, All blog comments are checked prior to publishing, Wilwood Disc Brakes is a leading aftermarket designer and US manufacturer of high-performance disc brakes and complete brake systems since 1977. method. I find a formula F1L1 =F2L2 for a right angle bellcrank. Free shipping. Design of a Lever. (I know it changes through the movement) So, when increasing the motion ratio, take care to get as low a friction as possible in all components so as to not lose grip. Name: Ankush Sharma. 20 MPa is about 200 atmospheres or 2940 psi . stress analysis is done by FEM. bell crank noun : a lever having its fulcrum at the apex of the angle formed by its two arms Word History Etymology so called from the bell wires used to transfer motion Love words? The effort arm is larger than the load arm; therefore the mechanical advantage is more than one. 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3. 'O' (b) Also, find the location of the resultant on the horizontal arm of the lever. A key to applying this to the design is to design the initial contact pressure point at the minimum handle angle from the horizontal that will still guarantee the required compression pressure at full travel. Tensile stress of lever, in N/mm2 (t) = 75 M Pa calculation methods given herein are for two general-use gear and shaft arrangements: parallel shaft gears, and cross shaft gears. bell crank lever load (W) and force (P) acts at right angles. The lever is generally made up of a convenient cross section like rectangle, square, I section etc. Read more Specifications and resources Aluminium base with rubber feet 90 Bell Crank Lever Hanger positions from fulcrum: 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 mm Spring Balance: 6kgf, 0.1kgf resolution APPARATUS REQUIRED Bell Crank Lever apparatus, slotted weight, spirit meter, spring balance and pointer Fig 1: Bell Crank Lever Apparatus 3. #Advikaforgetech #Forging #Consultant #Overhauling #Services #Shorts We are a global company providing turnkey services for setting up forging plants along w. Table1. (The exact numbers for each application are different. The bell-crank mechanism shown in Figure P1.33 is in equilibrium for an applied load of P = 7 kN applied at A. Prof. S. R. Zaveri**2 * In all of the above 1 unit = 1 inch. Later. Pg. Find the distance between the fulcrum and other end of the lever. If that is the result of the equation then it appears there is a problem with the equation; and, a complicating factor is that the amount of F1 force that the operator can apply will not be constant due to the fact that his weight contribution vector is always vertically downward. crank 18, connecting rod 5, link 7, studs 13, 14, 15 and 16, pins 4 & 6 as shown in Fig. You barely find information on the actual stitch length in vintage Singer 29K manuals whereas the bell crank levers are marked with numbers between 5 and 16 (most of the time). 5. INTRODUCTION TO PROBLEM, SCOPE AND Looks like youve clipped this slide to already. Only one person must take all the readings, because eye-judgement for matching the pointer with the mark on the lever will vary from individual to individual. (b) The bearing stress in the bell crank may not exceed 100 MPa. I'll give all dimensions as inches. Figure 29.1 shows the construction of a simple lever. 5. ; 100 X 210 = P X 70 Sr. No. Jadon, Design of Machine Elements by C.S. To start, I need to correct my above terminology error(s). The objectives of the project include modelling and 412 views 6 slides Bell Crank Lever. THEORY : What is a Lever: Lever is a simple machine consisting of a rigid rod pivoted at a fixed point called the fulcrum used for shifting or raising a heavy load or applying force. $77.00. 1 Calculate the reaction or force acting on the . Please note that all contributions to DT Online are considered to be released under the. them with results obtained through software. But certain brake setups (Like the booster at top from a 1966 Ford Mustang) require more measuring and extra math because of a second lever and pivot, commonly called a bell crank. volume and reduction of materials form bell crank lever and by using photoelasticity of bell crank lever. 2)Input Force :Force exerted onthe lever, 3)Output Force :Force exerted bythe lever. Sharma & K. Purohit, Machine Design by P.C. Pin is subjected to double shear and maximum shear stress is given by. hartnell govrner. The take-up lever is a metal finger with a thread guide that moves upand down, pulling . I'd put a pivot of some kind where it attaches to the clutch lever. I was quite careful in setting out the formula in LibreOffice Calc and making the graph and used an online triangle solver to get angle alpha. 5. limits, in order to avoid the failure of a member. Picture Information. Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. 4. the product quality, it is necessary to determine the stresses in The permissible bearing pressure ([Pbearing]) depends upon relative velocity, frequency of relative motion and the lubrication condition between the pin and the bush. crank lever analytically. This is especially helpful, since a balance bar system splits your leg effort between two master cylinders. But, no, on many of these cars there is a second lever arm built into the bracket which lowers the brake pedal ratio. Keywords: bell crank lever, bending Stresses in lever, FEA, Photo-elasticity. Precautions 1. Stress Analysis of Bell Crank Lever by Optimising the Volume, in this project Bell Crank Lever is important components from safety point of view since they are subjected to large number of stresses (1). In the first-class lever, the full length of the lever L equals to the sum of the load arm AL and the effort arm AE: The load arm formula (and the fulcrum position) is derived from the law of the lever formula above: Class 2 Levers: The fulcrum and the effort are located on the opposite sides of the lever. The induced bending stress should be less than the allowable bending stress for the material. Principal Stress of Bell Crank Lever with Fillet Radius 6 mm. Hence the prime effect of a force at the end of the lever is to create a BENDING STRESS on the lever cross section. I decided to attach the workbook rather than spend time trying to describe everything. In the third-class lever, the full length of the lever equals to the load arm: The effort arm (effort position) is calculated from the law of the lever formula above: This article was written by Anatoly Zolotkov. ANALYSIS OF CNC LATHE SPINDLE FOR MAXIMUM CUTTING FORCE CONDITION AND BEARING IRJET- Theoretical Analysis of Rocker Arm, FEM_Modeling_Project_Evaluation of a Steel Pulley and Shaft Design, Numerical simulaton of axial flow fan using gambit and, Lifting mechanism for attachments of agricultural equipments. ahmedabad: bangkok: 30: 0.0317: pcs: 1056.0: 2016-02-08: 84529099 "gabbar" brand spare parts for model no:st 1002 la ;bell crank lever balljoint (top) ahmedabad: bangkok: 20: 0.0088: pcs: 439.0: 2016-02-08: 84529099 "gabbar" brand spare parts for model no:st . Mr. M. M. Dange*1 analytical calculation of the induced stresses and comparing Weights should not touch the table. Assume a = 200 mm, b = 150 mm, and = 65. Some think the vacuum booster bracketmounting it up and away from the firewall is just there to make everything fit better. . VIEW | DOWNLOAD ( Hand-Written Practical) Video Tutorial. All of the content is provided as is, without warranty of any kind. By angling the booster and pushrod they provided two different pedal ratios with the same brake pedal by drilling a second, lower hole. Rotary motion can be converted into linear motion by using a screw. (c) The bearing stress in the support bracket may not exceed 165 MPa. 10. To verify the law of moments using Bell crank lever. Maximum Bending Moment is given by, Maximum Bending Stress is then given by, M = Plp. The shear area required for the pin at B is, Since the pin at B is supported in a double shear connection, the required cross-sectional area for the pin is, and therefore, the pin must have a diameter of, (b) The bearing stress in the bell crank may not exceed 100 MPa. A bell crank is connected to your pedal, with the balance bar connected between it and the pivot point. The values of loads are taken from the calculations. calculate the handle load based upon a given required compression pressure 2023 Physics Forums, All Rights Reserved. Shear stress of lever, in N/mm2 (f) = 60 Mpa Third Class In this type input between fulcrum and output. Here the force from the handlebar lever is turned through 90 to squeeze the brake block against the wheel rim. I then took it over to my press and with a socket or release bearing that can ride on all the clutch fingers in place, measure the static height. Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. The lever principle states that Power*power arm = Weight*weight arm. P is the applied effort required to overcome load, W. Ratio of load to effort is called Mechanical Advantage and ratio of effort arm length to load arm length is called leverage. Equilibrium: Using the FBD shown, calculate the reaction forces that act on the bell crank. This is especially helpful, since a balance bar system splits your leg effort between two master cylinders. O#,@\oyMP+b~eHeiVjc4i,O06E Qz:)p4eD!4QTqywW? All of the OPTIMA Ultimate Street Car competitors have been waiting to get back to the track. Determine maximum failure occur in the bell Crank It is also necessary to know the stress Reaction at the fulcrum at F, The crank-case is of parallel, ruled shape inside and out, allowing manufacture by numerically controlled wire erosion. reducing materials of bell crank lever and for the safe working ** BELL CRANK LINKAGE: This linkage allows horizontal movement to be converted to vertical movement. Associate Professor Department of Types of stresses and theories of failure (machine design & industrial drafti (Part 2/2)COLLAPSE OF THE HYATT REGENCY WALKWAYS 1981, Dr.R.Narayanasamy - Mohr's circle and Formability. Sharma & D.K. 1 of 8 Stress analysis of bell crank lever Aug. 04, 2017 2 likes 2,097 views Download Now Download to read offline Design paper for design purpose paramjeet singh Follow Teacher at GNDEC-COLLEGE Advertisement Recommended Bending stress and shear stress for Asymmetric I-Section. Terms and Conditions. When the magnitude of the force is increases than that of input force, it is called the mechanical advantage of lever or simply LEVERAGE. The Brake Caliper on a bicycle is a common device which uses the principle of this mechanism. For analysis purpose virtual model of bell (0 members and 1 guests). If this sketch shows how the linkage looks at half pedal travel, http://www.novak-adapt.com/knowledge/clutches-etc, Tonawanda, Omaha, Boynton Beach, Lake Worth, FL, (You must log in or sign up to reply here. Ans :A lever acts like a cantilever from the pivot. Total mass reduction = 65%. Bell crank linkages change the direction of force through 90. Property Symbol Value (a) The average shear stress in the pin may not exceed 40 MPa. They are also levers, eh? When connected to one of these Wilwood bell crank balance bars, a typical 6:1 pedal gets an effective ratio of 9:1. (a) The average shear stress in the pin may not exceed 40 MPa. Contact the seller. The roller fits into the grooves of the sleeve. Does this then mean the piston needs to apply 2900 lb x 72 = 208,800 lb of force to achieve the required compression on the Earth block? OK, thank you for that. 1.bell Crank Lever - Ic 2 (exp-1) Uploaded by: Nikhil Kautilya December 2019 PDF Bookmark Download This document was uploaded by user and they confirmed that they have the permission to share it. I feel more confident about my thinking now. Join 11,580,000 engineers with over 5,560,000 free CAD files Join the Community. 1. 2 It is . The distance between all three of these points creates a ratio through a simple . From a practical application standpoint, it might be better to start at the point that the handle is at a 45 angle to the ground with the handle F1 force vector vertically down and calculate the F2 toggle force based upon the operator's weight in a range from 45 to 0 for the handle angle. 10. (a) Make all significant dimensions, including tolerances and allowances. Can't tell for sure but I think that the lever mechanism uses the toggle clamp principle to get a very high final force level on the piston puller . A force acting at any end of the lever tries to bend the lever and hence acts as abending force. check out the. They allow two remote-reservoir master cylinders to mount stacked, one above the other, to fit tight engine compartments. IRJET- Experimental Investigation of Flow through Perforated Plate in Conical Analytical solutions for square shape pressure, Instrumentation Lab. Diameter of Shaft obtained on basis of shear stress, Find diameter of shaft d using this equation, Diameter of Shaft at centre of bearing on the basis of shear strength, Find diameter of shaft d1 using this equation, Using this equation find B and t of lever. "Machine Design." For rectangular cross section, thickness (t) is 16 mm, height (h) is 48 mm and section modulus (Z = th 2 /6) is 6144 mm 3.The length of effort arm of lever is 100 mm, and length of load arm of lever is 250 mm. Hand Lever. %
The design of lever involves the finding shaft, boss and lever cross-section dimensions. Values of moment of inertia, I and distance of farthest fibre from neutral axis, y for these sections are given in table 29.1. 1600 Ton CNC Screw Press | 1000 Ton CNC Screw Press | 630 Ton CNC Screw Press Advika ForgeTech is a reliable name in forging industry. Let d = Diameter of the fulcrum. Bell crank lever is used in the machine to lift a load by the application of a small effort. lever To verify the law of moments using Bell crank lever . The permissible stresses for lever and pin materials in shear and tension are 60N/mm 2 and 90N/mm 2 respectively. Well, we are all finally converging, after trying to calculate the press force due to handle load, I decided to take the reverse approach and calculate the handle load based upon a given required compression pressure (I have inserted arbitrary brick length and width values) as you will see in the attached Excel calculation workbook. The bellcranks pivot points; the shock side is 16", the axle side is 28", and the 3rd side is aprox. When the speed of the governor/ engine increases, the ball tends to fly outward from the axis of . Mechanical Engineering The various parameters of bell crank lever are taken from Design Data book and R. C. Patel et al. The projected area of pin B on the bell crank must equal or exceed. Figure. The effort is applied between the load and the fulcrum. Bending stress and shear stress for Asymmetric I-Section. Example: Calculate the load position of a second-class lever if its total length is 40 cm, the effort force is 10 N and the load force is 20 N. In the 3rd class lever, the fulcrum and load are at the opposite ends of the lever. Determine the magnitude, direction, and the point of application of the resultant w.r.t. Bell Crank Lever | 3D CAD Model Library | GrabCAD. Cutting Parameter Optimization for Surface Finish and Hole Accuracy in Drilli Empirical relation to estimate the reduction of root fillet stress in spur ge Fe investigation of semi circular curved beam subjected to out-of-plane load, Analysis of problems of biomass grinder integrated, Simulation and Performance of AC Drives Using SVPWM Technique. Porsche 356/911/912 Bell Crank Reverse Lever/ No Shaft #6 Bag#20 C#106. For the ideal lever, which does not dissipate the energy and absolutely rigid, the ratio of the lever arms defines the ratio of the effort and load forces (this is known as the law of the lever): The mechanical advantage of the lever is defined as the ratio of the output force (load) FL to the input force (effort) FE: The load force can be defined from this equation: There are three types of levers depending on the relative positions of the fulcrum, the effort and the load (or resistance). Is it rather the surfaces of the shafts. It is assumed that I had to google the 1957 Buick, and I must say that is one of the most complicated pedal linkage arrangements I have ever seen. Pin is designed based on bearing and bending considerations as discussed below. The bearing pressure on the pin is to be limited to 12 N/mm . In the second-class levers, the effort arm is always greater than the load arm and the mechanical advantage is always greater than one. :) cool ). EXAMPLE. Maximum Bending Stress is then given by, M = Pl. For one, it streamlined production on the assembly line, as it made installing a brake booster as easy as installing the unboosted master cylinder; there was no need to have another worker inside the car tightening nuts. crank lever is prepared by picking data from design data book. I don't know if this helps but my clutch is rated at 2000# clamping force , the LINKAGE ( not counting the clutch fork in) is 7:1 and is pretty easy to depress for my 72 year old knees . 5) Levers in Robotics : Hundreds of levers are used in robot and robotic machines. Just drill holes, use the bolt shanks, jack the wheel up and down and measure changes. The math is relatively easy to figure out once youknow there is a second set of measurements and a second step to the calculations. Final weight of the component = 158 gm. The effort arm, in this case, is smaller than the load arm; therefore the mechanical advantage is less than one. If the load and effort are parallel to each other, as shown in figure 29.2, reaction on the fulcrum is the algebraic sum of these two forces. But over the years I figured the numbers on a stitch length adjuster scale (not only on 29Ks) are not necessarily the .