Robinson also hand wrote the Spencerian script on the bottles and ads. Another soldier noticed the commanding general along a roadside during the battle. Earl Van Dorn and Sterling Price, with around 24,000 in the permanent garrisons at Vicksburg and Port Hudson, Louisiana. That one, too, contained stimulating coca leaves. [19] Pemberton relied on Atlanta drugstore owner-proprietor Willis E. Venable to test, and help him perfect, the recipe for the beverage, which he formulated by trial and error. He married Ann Eliza Clifford Lewis on 12 October 1853, in Knoxville, Crawford, Georgia, United States. He had at least 1 daughter with Mary Massey. Pemberton joined the army of the Confederacy in May 1862, and was made first lieutenant. A graduate student and Civil War veteran, Pemberton would eventually concoct one of the most enduring beverages of all time before dying a penniless drug addict who sold the Coca-Cola rights. Connect to the World Family Tree to find out, July 8 1831 - Knoxville, Crawford County, Georgia, James Clifford Pemberton, Martha L. Pemberton (born Gant), Mary Pemberton, Ann Pemberton, Archy Pemberton, Martha Pemberton, Ann Eliza Clifford Pemberton (born Lewis), James Clifford Pemberton, Martha L. Worsham Pemberton (born Gent), Mary Pemberton, Ann Pemberton, Archy Pemberton, Martha L. Worsham Pemberton, July 8 1831 - Knoxville, Crawford County, Georgia, United States, Aug 16 1888 - Atlanta, Fulton County, Georgia, United States, James Clifford Pemberton, Martha Pemberton (born Worsham), James Clifford Pemberton, Martha L. Pemberton (born Worsham), Anna Eliza Clifford Pemberton (born Lewis), July 8 1831 - Knoxville, Crawford, Georgia, Mary Pemberton, Dr. John Stith Pemberton, Ann Pemberton, Archibald "Archy" Pemberton, Martha Pemberton, Mary Pemberton, American Pharmacist, Inventor Of Coca-Cola, July 8 1831 - Knoxville, Crawford, Georgia, United States, Aug 16 1888 - Atlanta, Fulton, Georgia, United States, James Clifford Pemberton, Martha L Worsham, Mary Pemberton, Archibald Pemberton, Martha Pemberton, Mary Pemberton, Ann Pemberton, Knoxville, Crawford County, Georgia, United States, Columbus, Muscogee County, Georgia, United States, Atlanta, Fulton County, Georgia, United States, We're Related to Royalty and Famous People, John Stith, Lieutenant Colonel, (Civil War), Inventor/founder - Coca-cola Pemberton, Birth of Lt. Col. (CSA), John Stith Pemberton, Death of Lt. Col. (CSA), John Stith Pemberton, Burial of Lt. Col. (CSA), John Stith Pemberton, Druggist, Confederate Veteran, Inventor of Coca Cola. Death: July 28, 1753 (61-62) Haverhill, Essex, MA, United States. On March 29, 1863, Grant ordered his Thirteenth and Seventeenth Corps to begin marching south on the Louisiana side of the Mississippi River. At his Marietta Street home, the pharmacist-turned-war-veteran began a series of experiments on the drink using an industrial-sized mixing-and-filter machine that ran from the buildings second story down to the ground level. With four votes of no, the next day Pemberton asked the Federals for an armistice to allow time for the discussion of terms of surrender, and at 10:00 a.m. on July 4 he surrendered the city and his army to Grant. John's new single will be released January 27th 2023 - pre-save the single now! Munchkins Assaulted Judy Garland On 'Wizard Of Oz' Set, New Book Claims, Study Linking Loneliness And Heart Disease Debunked, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. Guided by the inclinations of his youth, Pemberton excelled in both art and languages. Pemberton's business was just named "Coca-Cola Company". Some time before the Civil War (1861-65), he acquired a graduate degree in pharmacy, but the exact date and place are unknown. Pemberton and Company of Columbus claimed. He sang his first country song at age five and he quickly learned that music was an avenue to making other friends. He graduated 27th of 50 cadets in the class of 1837. Another order from Johnston changing their proposed meeting location caused Pemberton to turn around, and when he did he accidentally collided with Grant's army at the Battle of Champion Hill on May 16 and suffered a major defeat. American biochemist and American Civil War veteran who is best known as the inventor of Coca-Cola, Born on July 08, 1831 At the start of the American Civil War in 1861, Pemberton chose to resign his commission and join the Confederate cause, despite his Northern birth and the fact that his two brothers both fought for the Union. . Unbeknownst to Pemberton, during these same hours Grant's Army of the Tennessee was marching west on three parallel routes of advance toward the Confederates. However, his effortless ability to achieve high marks in subjects that held his interest disguised a less than average performance in areas of a more technical and purely military nature. On that day, not one drop of Coca-Cola was dispensed in the entire city. Stith Pemberton entered the Reform Medical College of Georgia in Macon, Georgia, and in 1850, at the age of nineteen, he earned his medical degree. John W. Bulk*, of the Wesleyan ( Kristian Advocate. Born and raised in Philadelphia Pennsylvania, he fought whole-heartedly for the Southern Cause. Pemberton intended for his troops to move out at 8 a.m. on the morning of May 15. Beauregard, so he sent Pemberton west and assigned the more popular Beauregard to Charleston. Gen. William J. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1837, placing 27th out of 50 (his classmates included future Union Generals John Sedgwick and Joseph Hooker, and future CSA Generals Jubal Early and Braxton Bragg). Husband of Martha (Worcester) Pemberton and Eleonour Pemberton. After attending pharmacy school, Dr. Pemberton opened up his own drug store in Columbus, Georgia. It will be followed by that of Rev. This is an obituary for Charles Pemberton, who apparently inherited the Coca-Cola formula and sold it. Worth from August 4, 1846, to May 1, 1849. Pemberton decided then to sell this as a fountain drink rather than a medicine. Cause of death: cancer. Sign up for our quarterly email series highlighting the environmental benefits of battlefield preservation. We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. These laboratories were responsible for virtually eliminating the sale of bootleg chemicals in the state, and made prosecution of fraudulent varieties easier to accomplish. As a founding member of the Third Georgia Cavalry Battalion, Pemberton defended the city of Columbus became lieutenant colonel as a result. In his day Pemberton was a most respected member of the state's medical establishment, but his gift was for medical chemistry rather than regular medicine. John Clifford Pemberton (August 10, 1814 July 13, 1881), was a career United States Army officer who fought in the Seminole Wars and with distinction during the MexicanAmerican War. Inventor, Biochemist, Pharmacist. John Stith Pemberton was the inventor of the Coca-Cola beverage. Robinson hand wrote the Spencerian script on the bottles and ads. Sign up to receive the latest information on the American Battlefield Trust's efforts to blaze The Liberty Trail in South Carolina. In May 1886, Coca-Cola was invented by Doctor John Pemberton, a pharmacist from Atlanta, Georgia. Charles Pemberton eventually succumbed to his own morphine addiction and died. He died in the village of Penllyn, Lower Gwynedd Township, Pennsylvania, five years later and is buried in the Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. With Venable's assistance, Pemberton worked out a set of directions for its preparation. The drink was initially sold only at pharmacies, and in syrup form. A romantic by inclination, young John Pemberton exhibited an affinity for languages and art. Robinson convinced his boss to allocate a significant portion of their budget to continue marketing the beverage through free drink coupons, banners, streetcar placards and store awnings that read Drink Coca-Cola. The drink soon made a name for itself in Atlanta, and Pemberton had the strong feeling it would spread across the country. Questions of his loyalty to his chosen cause still linger to this day; however, the record of his war service proves he never wavered in his devotion to his adopted South. He made a name for himself in the states medical establishment, though his strength lay in medical chemistry rather than traditional medicine. Gant. Immediate Family: Son of John Pemberton and Deborah Pemberton. His decision was due to the influence of his Virginia-born wife and many years of service in the southern states before the war. Phrases such as "much pleased," "a devilish pleasant life," "not a finer place in the world," "a peculiar lilting for the life," and "I like the place better every day I stay here" were common refrains in reference to West Point. He was promoted to colonel on May 8, and the next day was assigned to the Virginia Provisional Army Artillery, with the rank of lieutenant colonel. Pemberton went to school in Rome, which is located in a triangle beset by Birmingham, Alabama, and Chattanooga, TN. In 1885 a reporter from the Atlanta Journal approached the creator of French Wine Coca and asked him for a detailed analysis of the new drink. The battalion belonged to the Confederate army. All in all, an impressive increase from $50 worth, at the turn of the 20th century. Husband of Anna Eliza Clifford Pemberton John Stith Pemberton (July 8, 1831 - August 16, 1888) was an American pharmacist and Confederate States Army veteran who is best known as the inventor of Coca-Cola. John PEMBERTON 777 Birth12 Oct 1742, Lancastershire, England Death25 Oct 1813, Sullivan Co., Tennessee BurialPemberton-Hawkins-Grant Cemetery, Sullivan Co., Tennessee Spouses 1 Elizabeth DULANEY 1378, 777 Birth27 Jan 1746, Washington Co., Virginia Death7 Aug 1812, Sullivan Co., Tennessee BurialPemberton Cemetery, Sullivan Co., Tennessee Historical Person Search Search Search Results Results John Pemberton (1776 - 1860) Try FREE for 14 days Try FREE for 14 days How do we create a person's profile? He fought at the Battle of Palo Alto on May 8, 1846, and at the Battle of Resaca de la Palma the next day. When hushed whispers of alcohol prohibition began to hit Atlantas city government in 1886, Pemberton feared his new and popular drink could soon be banned. [14][15], According to Coca-Cola historian Phil Mooney, Pemberton's world-famous soda was created in Columbus, Georgia and carried to Atlanta. Vicksburg was recognized as the "Gibraltar of the Confederacy" due to its elevation on the high bluffs overlooking the great river. Circumstances leading up to the crossing of Grant's army on April 30 May 1, 1863, and the subsequent battle of Port Gibson, demonstrate in Pemberton an absence of both perspective and intuition. . The written terms (which in the first talks were simply unconditional surrender) were negotiated so that the Confederate soldiers would be paroled and: be allowed to march out of our lines, the officers taking with them their side-arms and clothing, and the field, staff, and cavalry officers one horse each. For other people named John Pemberton, see, King, Monroe M. "John Stith Pemberton (18311888). Geni requires JavaScript! When the labs were relocated to Atlanta, he dubbed Pembertons business one of the most splendid Chemical Laboratories that there is in the country. And though he was also called the most noted physician Atlanta ever had, accolades and respect did not prevent him from joining the fray of war when the time came. Gordon Lee Pete Pemberton was born in Phoenix, AZ on April 25, 1928, to Gordon and Kathleen Pemberton. His body was returned to Columbus, Georgia, where he was buried at Linwood Cemetery. Basically, another chemist named Ava Candler, wrestled control of the business away from Pemberton an. He was best known for being the inventor of Coca-Cola, which in his lifetime was used only for medical purposes. His command held out against a Union Siege directed by Major General Ulysses S. Grant, being hampered by conflicting orders from superiors, as well as a lack of supports from other Confederate commanders in the area. In 1886 the city of Atlanta introduced prohibition, which, among other things, forbade the sale of wine. Research genealogy for John PEMBERTON, as well as other members of the PEMBERTON family, on Ancestry. Davis replied that his own personal confidence in him remained unshaken, saying: I thought and still think that you did right to risk an army for the purpose of keeping command of even a section of the Mississippi River. John Clifford Pemberton (August 10, 1814 - July 13, 1881), was a career United States Army officer who fought in the Seminole Wars and with distinction during the Mexican-American War. Born a Union man in Philadelphia in August of 1814, John Clifford Pemberton would go on to be a quintessential but controversial player in Confederate leadership. At first Gen. Braxton Bragg thought he could use Pemberton, but after conferring with his own ranking officers he advised Davis that taking on the discredited lieutenant general "would not be advisable." Julyanne Randall , Christopher Pemberton, Derborgail (Dervorguilla) of Galloway , John de Balliol. He then served in Buffalo, New York, in 1841 to 1842, and was promoted to first lieutenant on March 19, 1842. . Assigned to the defenses of Vicksburg, it soon became the last Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi. The 4th returned to garrison duty at New Orleans Barracks in Louisiana in 1850, and Pemberton was promoted to captain on September 16. [22] However, Pemberton's son wanted the money, so in 1888, Pemberton and his son sold the remaining portion of the patent to a fellow Atlanta pharmacist, Asa Griggs Candler, for US$300,[2] which in 2022 purchasing power is equal to US$9,372.88. His son Charles continued to sell his father's formula, but six years later Charles Pemberton died, having succumbed to opium addiction. These instances illustrate that Pemberton lacked the mental endurance necessary to sustain an army through the rigors of an engagement. He studied medicine and pharmacy at the Reform Medical College of Georgia in Macon, and in 1850, at the age of nineteen, he was licensed to practice on Thomsonian or botanic principles (such practitioners relied heavily on herbal remedies and on purifying the body of toxins, and they were viewed with suspicion by the general public). He lived for a time in Virginia, but eventually returned to the state of his birth, where he died and was buried. In an attempt to carry out his orders from both Davis and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, Pemberton and his Army of Mississippi set out east to combine with Johnston's forces gathering around Jackson, while remaining in contact and covering Vicksburg. Wikimedia CouponsPembertons bookkeeper Frank Robinson suggested investing more money in promotion and marketing like these free-drink coupons. Pemberton retreated to the Big Black River, where he fought and suffered even more heavy losses on May 17. Family Tree . Only years later was it actually bottled and canned for retail business. When Union troops under General James Wilsons command reached Columbus one Easter Sunday of 1865, Pemberton was in direct line of fire and almost died. Davis gave him the following instructions regarding his new assignment: " consider the successful defense of those States as the first and chief object of your command." It was Pemberton's practice to organize a business as a copartnership and then convert it into a corporation. Frank Mason Robinson came up with the name "Coca-Cola" for the alliterative sound, which was popular among other wine medicines of the time. This, combined with the successful Siege of Port Hudson on July 9, gave the Union complete control over the Mississippi River, resulting in a major strategic loss for the Confederacy, and cutting off Lt. Gen. Edmund Kirby Smith's command and the Trans-Mississippi Theater from the Confederacy for the rest of the war. Established in 1860 and outfitted with some $35,000 worth of the newest and most improved equipmentsome of it designed and patented by the companyit was "a magnificent establishment," an enthusiastic reporter from the Atlanta Constitution proclaimed in 1869 when the labs were moved to Atlanta, "one of the most splendid Chemical Laboratories that there is in the country.". Gen. Pember ons Death. Johns new single will be released January 27th 2023 - pre-save the single now. In May 1886, he developed an early version of a beverage that would later become Coca-Cola, but sold his rights to the drink shortly before his death. Research genealogy for John Pemberton, as well as other members of the Pemberton family, on Ancestry. [10][11][12] His first recipe was "Dr. Tuggle's Compound Syrup of Globe Flower", in which the active ingredient was derived from the buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis), a toxic plant. Only eight years later did Pemberton decide to bottle the beverage, cut out the middle man, and expand. Wikimedia CommonsJohn Pembertons home on Marietta Street in Columbus, Georgia. . His averages in those courses were 46, 52, 68, and 55 respectively. By contrast, his performance in tactics, artillery, math, and engineering was dismal. He met Ann Eliza Clifford Lewis of Columbus, Georgia, known to her friends as "Cliff", who had been a student at Wesleyan College in Macon. Thank you for visiting john pemberton family tree page. In several instances, family members with prominent friends gained favors for John. He resigned his commission to serve as a Confederate lieutenant-general during the American Civil War. [3] After initially practicing some medicine and surgery, Pemberton opened a drug store in Columbus. He and his family lived there for nearly 30 years, during which time he attended the Reform Medical College of Georgia in Macon, studying both medicine and pharmacy. Historically, successful battlefield commanders possessed certain common characteristics. After the war, John Pemberton lived on his farm near Warrenton, Virginia, from 1866 to 1876, and then returned to Pennsylvania. He was appointed a lieutenant colonel in the Confederate Army on March 28, and was made assistant adjutant general of the forces around and in the Southern capital of Richmond, Virginia, on April 29. The Battle of Champion Hill opened when the leading elements of the Union advance met Confederate cavalry along the Raymond road around 7 a.m. on May 16. John was an only child and very shy in his early years and he would refer to music as his best friend. He then fought in Florida during hostilities against the Seminoles in 1849 and 1850. All That's Interesting is a Brooklyn-based digital publisher that seeks out stories that illuminate the past, present, and future. They were the parents of at least 1 son. These traits were conspicuously lacking in the leadership of Lieutenant General John C. Pemberton during the Vicksburg campaign. This FREE annual event brings together educators from all over the world for sessions, lectures, and tours from leading experts. In 2010 the Coca-Cola Company paid tribute to Pemberton as a key character within an advertising campaign called Secret Formula. Sick and desperate, he began selling rights to his formula to his business partners in Atlanta. In 1850, when he was 19 years old, Pemberton received his license to practice Thomsonian (or botanic) principles. He was the first of 11 children born to Gordon and Kathleen. John Stith Pemberton was the inventor of the Coca-Cola beverage. John Clifford Pemberton, (born August 10, 1814, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.died July 13, 1881, Penllyn, Pennsylvania), Confederate general during the American Civil War, remembered for his tenacious but ultimately unsuccessful defense of Vicksburg. With the aid of the coca plant, the Indians had performed "astonishing" feats, he said, "without fatigue." John Pemberton. Everyone has heard the rumors it once contained cocaine, but only a sliver of the population knows anything about its inventor John Stith Pemberton. He formed Pemberton chemical Company to market it and put his son in charge of production. Historical Person Search Search Search Results Results John Michael Pemberton (1947 - 1972) Try FREE for 14 days Try FREE for 14 days. The last days of his life were spent obsessively frequenting his lab to find ways of refining the beverage. Some of it was even designed and patented by the company itself, which one reporter from the Atlanta Constitution called a magnificent establishment in 1869. Research genealogy for John PEMBERTON of Boston, Middlesex, Massachusetts, United States, as well as other members of the PEMBERTON family, on Ancestry. With coca leaves imported from South America adding a particular twist what would otherwise be a mere soft drink, Pemberton sold the soda as a nerve tonic, mental aid, headache remedy and a cure for morphine addiction. He put his son Charles in charge of manufacturing Coca-Cola, and after prohibition ended in 1887, he again produced French Wine Coca. With Venable's assistance, Pemberton worked out a set of directions for its preparation that eventually included blending the base syrup with carbonated water, and Frank Mason Robinson came up with the name "Coca-Cola" for the alliterative sound, which was popular among other wine medicines of the time. In May 1886, he developed an early version of a beverage that would later become world-famous as Coca-Cola but sold his rights to the drink shortly before his death. As the battle intensified, the situation deteriorated to the point that the commanding general exercised little control over his army. He was a practical pharmacist and chemist of great skill, active all his life in medical reform, and a respected businessman. After his exchange he resigned his Lieutenant General commission, and was appointed as a Lieutenant Colonel of Artillery on the urging of Confederate President Jefferson Davis. in Knoxville, Georgia , United States, Died on August 16, 1888 Of Gen. iser. Birthplace: King William, King William, VA, United States. It should have come as no surprise to Pemberton then, during the spring of 1863, that Grant's movements were numerous and complex as were his diversions. They lived in a Victorian cottage, the Pemberton House in Columbus, a home of historic significance which was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 28, 1971. Father of George Xavier Pemberton, Jr; William D Pemberton and James Pemberton Pemberton surrendered 2,166 officers and 27,230 men, 172 cannon, and almost 60,000 muskets and rifles to Grant. Father of NN Pemberton, died in infancy; Martha Patricia Baylor / Bermann; Mary Pemberton; John Clifford Pemberton, III; William H. Pemberton, Sr. and 3 others; Francis Rawle Pemberton, Sr.; Anna Pemberton and NN Pemberton, died in infancy less He requested what amounted to private art lessons while demonstrating little interest or effort in more military matters. William Pemberton. To him, Pemberton "seemed to be somewhat excited; he and his staff were vainly endeavoring to rally some stragglers, who had already left their commands in the fight." Meanwhile, a group of businessmen responded to Pemberton's appeal to finance the new Coca-Cola Company. It is still a baffling mystery as to how Candler alone won control of the company in the 1890s. Pemberton relied on Atlanta druggist Willis Venable to test, and help him perfect, the recipe for the beverage, which recipe he formulated by trial and error. He even designed the logo, which is still in use today, more than a century later. Husband of Frances Littlepage Searching for a cure for this addiction, he began experimenting with coca and coca wines, eventually creating his own version of Vin Mariani, containing kola nut and damiana, which he called Pemberton's French Wine Coca. The idea was to develop new products and sell medical and photography supplies, and branch out into cosmetics. On July 4, 1863 General Pemberton surrendered Vicksburg, a move that gave the Union complete control of the Mississippi River and hastened the end of the Confederacy. Although the accusations plagued Pemberton for the remainder of his life, it was the charge of incompetence that became inseparably attached to his reputation. Contrary to the majority of his subordinates who favored obeying Johnston's orders, Pemberton instead chose to march south against Grant's supply line at Dillon's plantation. The wounded soldier became hooked almost immediately, using it initially to relieve his pain. Coca-Cola's inventor served as an officer in the Civil War, and an injury eventually led to the creation of the carbonated drink. [23], Pemberton died from stomach cancer at age 57 in August 1888. It was not a very respected niche and treated with strong suspicion by the public, to put it mildly. The map below shows the places where the ancestors of the famous person lived. Pemberton was appointed a brevet major for his performance at Molino del Rey on September 8. He then fought well at the Battle of Monterrey in that fall, and was appointed a brevet captain "for Gallant Conduct in the several Conflicts at [Monterrey]" on September 23. His grave marker is engraved with symbols showing his service in the Confederate Army and his membership as a Freemason. There he spent some eight months without an assignment. Twenty-four hours later, Pemberton offered to forward two brigades to General Joseph Johnston even though by that time he was less confident that Grant was withdrawing. Pemberton was diagnosed with stomach cancer, and started selling the company off piece by piece until he owned only a third of it. Pemberton and the 4th were next stationed in Michigan, serving at Detroit in 1840, at Fort Mackinac in 1840 and 1841, and at Fort Bradyin in 1841. After practicing medicine and surgery in Rome, he opened a wholesale-retail business in Columbus in 1853. He began his new career as a lieutenant colonel of Virginia State troops, but within two months experienced an unexplainably meteoric rise to brigadier general. According to the Coca-Cola Company, Pemberton developed the syrup for the famed beverage, which was sampled at the local Jacob's Pharmacy and deemed to be "excellent." The syrup was combined with carbonated water to create . He next served in Fort Washington, Maryland, in 1851 and 1852, at Fort Hamilton, New York, in 1852 to 1856. He later served in the Confederate Army at the rank of lieutenant in the. "Richard Gardiner, "The Civil War Origin of Coca-Cola in Columbus, Georgia". Wikimedia CommonsJohn Stith Pemberton, the man who invented Coca-Cola. At the age of twelve his family formed a band called "Southern Sound" and they toured and played music together for many years. He practiced medicine and surgery first in Rome and its environs and then in Columbus, where in 1855 he established a wholesale-retail drug business specializing in materia medica (substances used in the composition of medical remedies). Enjoy this look at John Pemberton, the man who invented coca-cola? Special to Tho American. When John Pemberton was born in 1514, in Aston, Shropshire, England, United Kingdom, his father, Robert Pemberton, was 28 and his mother, Alice Stokes, was 24. He fought in the Mexican . In 1905, the Coca-Cola we know and love came into existence. He married Ellen Aynsdale on 9 January 1540, in Wallasey, Cheshire, England, United Kingdom. Posted on October 22, 2011 by Lisa Pemberton. He then served along the northern U.S. frontier during the Canada Border Disturbances. Within the week, all of Pemberton's available cavalry was in motion in reaction to Grierson's raid, leaving no mounted force to scout the movement of Grant's infantry. Pemberton then admitted that his coca and kola beverage was based on Vin Mariani, a French formula perfected by Mariani and Company of Paris, which since 1863 had been the world's only standard preparation of erythroxylon coca. Home; Trees; . In early April, Brigadier General Frederick Steele commanded an expedition that operated in the Greenville area north of Vicksburg. Our Beloved Father was welcomed into the arms of the Lord on December 2, 2022. He was commissioned a second lieutenant in the 4th U.S. Pemberton, in compliance with the directive of his commanding officer, changed his orders but in doing so he also changed the direction of his army in the face of a numerically superior enemy. [1], Pemberton entered the Reform Medical College of Georgia in Macon, Georgia, and in 1850, at the age of nineteen, he earned his medical degree. It was decided that Pemberton would be interred elsewhere; however, he ended up in an obscure area of the cemetery. You may want to read more about the secret history of Coca-Cola.