The results of this study showed that chronic exposure to Wi-Fi electromagnetic waves might impair both unimodal and cross-modal encoding of information. increased with the growing in the number of devices that used the Microwave frequencies in. Annu Rev Physiol. 2008;22:9927. Ozben T. Oxidative stress and apoptosis: impact on cancer therapy. 2004;25:4957. 2009;72:20514. J Neuro-Oncol. Google Scholar. Srinivasan R. Anatomical constraints on source models for high-resolution EEG and MEG derived from MRI. However, these experimental results remain to be supported in repeated experiments [40,41,42]. Electromagn Biol Med. 2006;165:63644. Thurczy G, Kubinyi G, Bodo M, Bakos J, Szabo L. Simultaneous response of brain electrical activity (EEG) and cerebral circulation (REG) to microwave exposure in rats. Article Oto R, Akda Z, Dada S, Celik Y. Standard devices used by military personnel that may pose electromagnetic hazards include radars and missile systems. Muscat JE, Malkin MG, Thompson S, Shore RE, Stellman SD, McRee D, et al. Choeiri C, Staines W, Miki T, Seino S, Messier C. Glucose transporter plasticity during memory processing. daily life. Int J Radiat Biol. Dasdag et al. Recent advances in the effects of microwave radiation on brains. CAS 2 Researchers have been working. Hippocampal acetylcholine release during memory testing in rats: augmentation by glucose. The SAR of the two groups were 0.303W/kg and 0.003W/kg. The function of dendritic spines: devices subserving biochemical rather than electrical computation. Microwaves are electromagnetic waves with frequencies ranging from 300MHz to 300GHz. With the popularity of microwave technology, microwave effects on the human body have become a common topic of concern, and the central nervous system is recognized as a target organ system that is sensitive to microwave radiation. Most matter, including the human body, is largely . The results indicated that radar microwave radiation leads to a decreased reaction time and lower short-term memory performance [18]. 2004;155:3743. 1984;11:4760. fMicrowave Radiation Comes From Many Sources, Including: Cell phones. Decreased synthesis of acetylcholine accompanying impaired oxidation of pyruvic acid in rat brain minces. In contrast, a central injection of a glucose carrier inhibitor induced injury to memories [110]. Microwave radiation can heat body tissue the same way it heats your food. Dasdag et al. The results showed that gestational Wi-Fi exposure and restraint adversely affected offspring neurodevelopment and behavior in adulthood. Article More than 50% of miRNAs are found in cancer-associated regions of the genome or in fragile sites, suggesting that miRNAs also play important roles in the pathogenesis of neoplasias [96]. Othman H, Ammari M, Sakly M, Abdelmelek H. Effects of prenatal exposure to WIFI signal (2.45 GHz) on postnatal development and behavior in rat: influence of maternal restraint. The interaction of microwaves with matter other than metallic conductors will be to rotate molecules and produce heat as result of that molecular motion. Professor, Asst Director at VIT LTP induction involves a signal transduction cascade that includes the release of glutamate from synaptic vesicles, activation of NMDAR at postsynaptic membranes, entry of Ca2+, and activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaM kinases) II, IV and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) [71]. 1984;5:6370. In industrial fields, exposure is usually occupational, and its sources include the surgical and physiotherapeutic use of diathermy, dielectric heating (i.e., heating and vulcanization applications), microwave ovens, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) medical diagnostic equipment, radar, military and research microwave systems, electricity-supplying networks, and electricity-distributing and transmitting equipment [3]. [80] found that irradiation with 900MHz, 2W/kg continuous microwaves for 24h induced an increase in rat neuronal apoptosis. Bad impacts a microwave has on our daily lives. However, with its popularization, increasing attention has been paid to its influence on humans. Modulation of HSP response in SH-SY5Y cells following exposure to microwaves of a mobile phone. Evaluation of Psychologic parameters in people occupationally exposed to radiofrequencies and microwave. Calabr E, Condello S, Curr M, Ferlazzo N, Caccamo D, Magaz S, et al. Mack A, Georg T, Kreis P, Eickholt BJ. All of the authors read and approved the final manuscript. 1996;180:917. 2010;3:4650. 2001;93:2037. Koivisto M, Krause CM, Revonsuo A, Laine M, Hmlinen H. The effects of electromagnetic field emitted by GSM phones on working memory. 2015;51:15865. Lai et al. Google Scholar. The induced genes encoded proteins with a variety of functions, including neurotransmitter regulation, BBB maintenance, and melatonin production. Ellis CE, Murphy EJ, Mitchell DC, Golovko MY, Scaglia F, Barcel-Coblijn GC, et al. Neuroreport. Numerous studies have shown that increased acetylcholine is related to promotion of the effect of glucose on memory [112,113,114]. Military Medical Research However, in rats treated with long-term exposure to radiation, neurons exhibit edema and are arranged irregularly. 1999;4:102. In the treated rats, 50 calls were missed each day for 4weeks, and the spatial memory abilities of the rats were tested after the experimental period. 1992;114:16202. 2012;31:25074. Edelstyn N, Oldershaw A. 2002;13:11921. 2013;5:5500110. Effect on human attention of exposure to the electromagnetic field emitted by mobile phones. 2015;91:42634. J Neuro. Sci Total Environ. [81] reported a study exploring the influence of mobile phone microwave radiation on oxidative stress and apoptosis in rat brains. Digestive System: The unstable catabolism of microwaved foods alters their elemental food substances, causing disorders in the digestive system. Radial arm maze performance of rats following repeated low level microwave radiation exposure. 2013;34:58998. Neuroreport. Of these, five rats were repeatedly exposed to extremely low-frequency microwaves (915MHz; pulse width, 20ms; average power density, 0.3mW/cm2; repetition frequency, 4.0Hz; intermittently for 1min, On for 1min, and Off for 10min; SAR, 0.7mW/g) and 5 were in the sham group. 2011;18:32533. 2005;438:18592. millimeter, or equivalently. Low intensity microwave radiation induced oxidative stress, inflammatory response and DNA damage in rat brain. & Hu, XJ. Positive results were obtained in Morris water maze tests that demonstrated that microwaves influenced learning and memory in rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. Mortazavi SMJ, Taeb S, Dehghan N. Alterations of visual reaction time and short term memory in military radar personnel. Wang et al. 2015;36:4804. Bioelectromagnetics. Cobb BL, Jauchem JR, Adair ER. Calabr E, Magaz S. Inspections of mobile phone microwaves effects on proteins secondary structure by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. However, these effects were not observed in radial arm maze tests. Indian J Occup Environ Med. Privacy Neuroscience. The authors detected the EEG within the frequency bands of 0.530.0Hz for 5 consecutive days. Curr Opin Neurobiol. The Morris water maze has been widely used in neurobehavioral tests [36]. Chin J Indus Hyg. In the probe test, the exposed group could not locate the platform and exhibited a significantly higher mean latency (i.e., 3-fold higher) to reach the target quadrant, and they spent only half the time that the controls spent in the target quadrant. The results showed that at 6h, 1 d and 3 d after exposure, the groups in which the average power density was 10mW/cm2 or 50mW/cm2 displayed significant deficits in spatial learning and memory. Stahlhut Espinosa CE, Slack FJ. Qiao S, Peng R, Yan H, Gao Y, Wang C, Wang S, et al. 2009;64:2314. 1 Microwave radiation may also lead to skin cancer/health problems when we are within the radius of a cell phone tower in a certain specified limited distance. [84] and Sharma et al. [40] also repeated the experiment only and found that radial-arm maze performance in rats remained unchanged. Riedel G, Platt B, Micheau J. Glutamate receptor function in learning and memory. With the increasing number of applications that use microwave technology, its negative effects on the human body have attracted attention. Bioelectromagnetics. In epidemiology, there is no conclusive evidence showing that microwaves have carcinogenic effects. Suppl Clin Neurophysiol. Verma RK, Sisodia R, Bhatia A. Radioprotective role of Amaranthus Gangeticus Linn. Google Scholar. Dasdag et al. [14] found that gliomas are not preferentially located in the parts of the brain with the highest exposure. Electromagn Biol Med. Int J Radiat Biol. 2003;80:194210. GSM mobile phone radiation suppresses brain glucose metabolism. Decreased expression of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA-encoded genes of oxidative phosphorylation in association neocortex in Alzheimer disease. Since mobile phones are used in positions very close to the human body and require a large [103] found that microwave radiation caused DNA single-strand and double-strand breaks in vivo in populations submitted to occupational exposure, and the incidence of micronuclei in lymphocytes was significantly increased. Wang Q, Cao Z. Recent advances in the effects of microwave radiation on brains, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40779-017-0139-0, Dysfunction of learning and memory abilities, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. Reactive oxygen species act through p38 MAPK to limit the lifespan of hematopoietic stem cells. 2015;56:2618. Int J Radiat Biol. The results showed that in normal EEGs, the (3.26.0Hz) and 2 (17.830.5Hz) waves were mainly concentrated in the cortex, while the (6.017.8Hz) waves were mainly concentrated in the hypothalamus. Behav Brain Res. Int J Radiat Biol. Dendritic spines, which are small protrusions that extend from dendritic shafts, are also cellular compartments containing signaling molecules that are important for synaptic transmission and plasticity [88,89,90,91]. 2006;5:389. Kwon MS, Vorobyev V, Knnl S, Laine M, Rinne JO, Toivonen T, et al. A significant increase in ROS levels and DNA fragmentation were observed only after the astrocytes were exposed to modulated EMF for 20min, perhaps as a result of hyperstimulation of glutamate receptors. A resting eyes-closed electroencephalogram was used to continuously record the results, which showed that there was an increase in the power of the , 1 and 2 frequency bands in the 0.303W/kg group and in the 2 frequency bands in the 0.003W/kg group. Bull Exp Biol Med. J Radiat Proc. 2016;397:2239. J Natl Cancer Inst. For example, it can shorten reaction times so that people can better cope with danger. Biomed Environ Sci. Iran J Public Health. [62] irradiated Wistar rats, hippocampal synaptosomes and differentiated PC12 cells using microwaves (average power density, 30mW/cm2) for 5min, and the results showed that the post-exposure spatial memory of the rats was significantly decreased, the post-exposure levels of phosphorylated synapsin I (p-synapsin I) and GABA were decreased in the rat and cell experiments, and the post-exposure levels of vesicular GABA transporter and p-synapsin I were increased in small clear synaptic vesicles (which were abnormally assembled in presynaptic terminals) in the rat experiments. The ionotropic receptors consist of NMDA receptors and non-NMDA receptors. 1 of 41 Harmful effects of microwaves on living beings Oct. 04, 2015 4 likes 4,519 views Download Now Download to read offline Environment The presentation proves beyond any doubt, the harmful affects of microwaves and radio frequency waves on humans and other living beings Padmanabhan Krishnan Follow Dr. Cordless phone in power levels very high and microwave frequency level also high. [21, 22] found a higher incidence of brain cancer in radar technicians and a shortened incubation period (i.e., less than 10years). The strength of the electric field (rms value) at the sample position was 10V/m. Exposure to microwaves and silencing p-synapsin I reduced the release of GABA, and maximum reduction was achieved when both were combined, indicating a synergistic effect. Frequency Fields (RF) and Microwave Radiation on human health" by the Scientific Committee on Toxicity, Ecotoxicity and the Environment (CSTEE) from 2001, with respect . PubMed Central [38] exposed Wistar rats to a 2.856GHz pulsed microwave field for 6min. The results showed that 2.1GHz W-CDMA-modulated microwave radiation did not cause apoptotic cell death but altered cell cycle progression [79]. Motawi et al. However, impaired learning and memory were only observed in males.